GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIUM RIPE POTATO VARIETIES FOR SEED PURPOSES IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE TYUMEN REGION
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Abstract
Taking into account the natural and climatic conditions of the Tyumen region, large areas on farms are occupied by early maturing and medium early varieties of potatoes, which are harvested before long autumn rains and frosts. In dry years, with good weather conditions, it is beneficial to harvest potatoes at the end of September. Such a crop manages to form strong tubers that are resistant to diseases. And most importantly, when planting mid-ripening varieties, flowering occurs later than in early-ripening ones, which leaves the advantage of plant resistance from the Colorado potato beetle. The article examines the features of the growth and development of mid-season potato varieties in the Tyumen region according to the following characteristics: biometric indicators, fractional composition of tubers by harvest time, the ratio of the mass of tops to tubers at different times of harvest, potato yield and tubers quality. When studying the growth and development of plants for seed purposes, it is important to track the dynamics of the formation of the fractional composition of tubers in order to determine potential varieties recommended as a starting material for breeding. quality of potatoes. The result of the work is the selection of the best varieties according to the traits under study for the purpose of their further study and use in potato breeding. Of the 11 studied mid-season varieties, the varieties Sudarynya, Golubizna, Maiskiy Tsvet, Bonus and Khozyayushka stood out in terms of yield and quality of tubers, which should be further studied for a more comprehensive assessment and further recommendations for breeding work.
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