INCREASING THE STABILITY AND YIELD OF ANNUAL CROPS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF YAKUTIA

Abstract

The article presents the results of research on the effectiveness of the use of different doses of mineral fertilizers on the formation of annual fodder crops yield on permafrost soil in Yakutia. Scientific research was carried out on the basis of the feed production laboratory of the Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture in 2020-2022. On average, over the three years of research, the highest yield was formed by sunflower crops when fertilizers were applied at a dose of NPK90 kg/ha d.v. 34.0 t/ha of green mass, oilseed radish 12.5 t/ha of green mass, millet 11.5 t/ha of green mass, Sudanese grass 16.7 t/ha of green mass. The yield of the green mass of corn when fertilizing at a dose of NPK120 kg / ha d.v. was 21.0 t /ha. The maximum content of crude protein in corn crops is noted when fertilizers are applied at a dose of NPK120 kg / ha of d.v. – 19.8%, sunflower – 18.9%, millet – 19.1%, oilseed radish – 18.9%, Sudanese grass – 17.8% for air-dry matter. The highest content of digestible protein is observed in sunflower crops when mineral fertilizers are applied at a dose of NPK120 kg/ha of d.v. - 151 g in 1 feed unit (0.69 feed units), corn – 153 g in 1 feed unit (0.69 feed units), oilseed radish – 151 g in 1 feed unit (0.66 feed units), millet - 148 g in 1 feed unit (0.66 feed units), Sudanese grass - 145 g in 1 feed unit (0.61 feed units). At the same time, the content of the exchange energy of sunflower was 9.3 MJ, corn – 8.6 MJ, oilseed radish – 9.2 MJ, millet – 9.0 MJ, Sudanese grass – 8.7 MJ.