CREATION OF RAW MATERIALS FROM ANNUAL FODDER CROPS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HAYLAGE AND GREEN CONVEYOR IN THE CONDITIONS OF YAKUTIA

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Елена Семеновна Пестерева Сахаяна Афанасьевна Павлова

Abstract

The creation of a stable feed base that ensures balanced feeding of animals throughout the year is the main condition for the high efficiency of the livestock industry. For the development of the main branch of agriculture in Yakutia - animal husbandry, one of the urgent problems is the provision of feed. The basis for increasing the productivity of dairy cattle breeding is juicy and green feed. The main raw material for juicy and vitamin feeds in Yakutia is the green mass of annual fodder crops. The article presents the results of research on the creation of a green conveyor and the production of haylage from annual crops. The research was carried out on the basis of the feed production laboratory of the Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture in 2019-2021. Data on the yield and nutritional value of annual fodder crops for the production of haylage and green conveyor are given. In order to obtain a nutrient-balanced feed, we have determined the optimal species composition of mixed crops of the green conveyor and haylage, established optimal sowing dates and the mode of use of annual crops. On permafrost meadow-chernozem soils for the production of haylage, it is recommended to cultivate a vico-oat mixture with a seeding rate of components: vetch 1.2 million pcs./ ha, oats 2.5 million pcs./ ha, and pea-oat mixture with a seeding rate of components: peas 0.8 million pcs./ ha, oats 2.5 million pcs./ ha, germinating seeds, to the vico-oat green conveyor (1.2 million units/ha + 2.5 million oats). pcs./ha), rapeseed-oatmeal (2.0 million pcs./ ha + 1.5 million pcs./ha). The creation of raw materials for the production of haylage from annual fodder crops gives an economic effect for 1 ruble of costs 1.42 - 1.53 rubles of income; for the creation of a green conveyor for 1 ruble of costs 1.19 – 1.50 rubles of income, depending on the timing of sowing.

Article Details

Section
Crop husbandry

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