FERTILIZER VALUE AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION SIDERAL CULTURES IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL YAKUTIA

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Abstract

The article presents the results of studies on the use of green manure in the cultivation of potatoes in the conditions of Central Yakutia. For the reproduction of permafrost soils, green manure is an environmentally friendly source of soil enrichment with organic matter. The purpose of the research is to study the agro-energy efficiency of cultivation of green manure in potato-fodder crop rotation in the conditions of Central Yakutia. Field experiments were conducted in 2015 - 2017. on the irrigated area "Belentei" in Central Yakutia of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The soil of the experimental site is permafrost chernozem-meadow lekgos loamy solonchakous; the humus content in the arable layer of the soil before laying the experiment (2015) was 3,2%, P2O5 – 125,0 mg/kg, K2O – 292,0 mg/kg, N – 0,31%. It has been established that in the conditions of Central Yakutia on permafrost chernozem-meadow soils, when the same green aboveground weight of siderates is plowed at 100 kg/ha, oats enter the soil as nitrogen 150,2 kg/ha, phosphorus 40,5 kg/ha, potassium 95,7 kg/ha, and when plowing sweet clover, respectively: 278; 113,3; 134,8 kg/ha and pea-oat mixture 121,8; 41,8 and 116,8 kg/ha. When cultivating potatoes, the most effective sideral crop is a pea-oat mixture. Plowing 60-65 c/ha of green mass of pea-oat mix provides a potato crop of 13,3 t/ha, with a yield increase of 2,3 t/ha, with a yield of marketable tubers of 75%.

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Author Biographies

D.V. Borisova

Borisova D.V., graduate student, FRC YaSC SB RAS M.G. Safronov Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture (23/1, Bestuzheva-Marliskogo str., Yakutsk city, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677001, Russia)

F.V. Nikolaeva

Nikolaeva F.V., candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor Technologies and equipment of the forest complex FSBI of HE Yakut State Agricultural Academy (h. 3, 3 km Sergelyakhskoe highway, Yakutsk city, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677001, Russia)

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