MAIN PARAMETERS OF THE MODEL OF A MID-MATURING VARIETY OF SPRING RAPESEED FOR WESTERN SIBERIA
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Abstract
On the basis of experimental data obtained as a result of spring rapeseed trials, the parameters of the model of the mid-maturing variety of this crop for the conditions of Western Siberia were developed and presented. For the development of a new parent material, we used material from the collection of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, various domestic and foreign research institutions. The development of mid-maturing varieties with a growing season of 88-96 days, taking into account the July precipitation at the time of formation of generative organs, increases the seed productivity of plants and the process of oil formation in seeds. Important indicators of seed productivity of rapeseed plants are: the number of pods on the plant, the number of seeds in the pod, the number of seeds per plant, the number of pods on the central tassel, the thousand seed weight and the number of plants per 1 m2 at harvest. It is shown that in order to increase the seed yield according to the developed model it is necessary to carry out breeding to increase the seed productivity of the plant, to develop varieties with high oil content, drought resistance, resistance to pod cracking, lodging, diseases and pests. Spring rapeseed variety 55region (of the Siberian experimental station of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops) by the main morphological and biological characteristics is close to the proposed parameters of the model for a mid-maturing variety, conceding to the ideal idiotype in terms of oil quality. The breeders of the Siberian experimental station selected valuable high-yielding samples by the main economically important traits with seed yield of 2.41-3.08 t/ha, oil content of seeds of 50.3-53.5%, as well as improved fatty acid composition of the oil, the use of which in the breeding process will allow to realize the proposed idiotype in practice.
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References
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