SELECTION METHODS AND EVALUATION OF SPRING RAPESEED BREEDING MATERIAL BY THE MAIN ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT TRAITS

Abstract

By its biological characteristics, spring rapeseed belongs to a facultative self-pollinator with a level of cross-pollination of 30-60 %. The biological characteristics of spring rapeseed contribute to the application of different methods of parent material development and breeding process scheme. Breeders of the SES of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops use two most productive and widespread methods in rapeseed breeding: the method of individual-family selection in free flowering with the result being a population variety and the second most common method that received higher appreciation from the breeders of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops is the Pedigree method with the result being a linear variety. The purpose of our research is to study the methods and schemes in the breeding of spring rapeseed to develop new promising material for the conditions of Western Siberia. The parent breeding material of spring rapeseed is presented by population and linear samples. We evaluated the complex of economically important traits of self-pollinated lines of the fifth-sixth inbreeding generations in comparison with promising variety samples of spring rapeseed and with the standard - the variety Granit. During the research years (2021-2022), the greatest increase in seed yield compared with the standard, the variety Granit, received linear samples SL-1/20, SL-5/20, and SL-21/20. Among the promising variety samples, 34456 and 34687 were distinguished by seed yield. The samples with an oil content of more than 53 % are of great interest in breeding for oil content: SL-5/20, SL-19/20, 34560, and 34606. Linear samples of Siberian breeding are not inferior to population varieties in terms of seed yield, and some of them have an advantage in productivity.